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发信人: catdie (土到掉渣), 信区: Healthylife
标  题: 为了科学和金钱，请捐出你的遗体zz
发信站: 荔园晨风BBS站 (Thu May 13 19:04:41 2004), 站内信件

为了科学和金钱，请捐出你的遗体

译自2004年3月16日《国际先驱论坛报》

译者丁智宁（郑州）校者张丽霞（西雅图）

作者　玛丽－罗奇（Mary Roach）

首发于光明观察，转载请注明译者及出处；本译文仅供参考，引用请查对原文。

因为我曾经写过捐赠遗体用于医学研究的文章，因此，经常会有人问我，是不是打
算死后也把自己捐出来。虽然我还没有在捐赠遗体的表格上签字，不过我发现这个
主意还是颇有吸引力的。我是个利他主义者，不过更重要的是，我有点小气，可以
节省花在葬礼上的数千美元毕竟令人难以拒绝。

进一步说，被切成大大小小的块状然后运送进十多个各不相同的机构里似乎并不比
在地下腐烂或被扔进火葬场给烧焦更令人不快。我愿意死后的冒险和旅行。

我很高兴捐出我的遗体，但前提是没有人从我的身体器官上谋取私利，但现在这个
心愿随着遗体器官成为热销财产而变得越来越难以捍卫。

就在上周，加利福尼亚大学洛衫矶分校尸体研究项目的主管刚刚被捕，被指控出售
捐赠者的遗体器官卖给别处的医学研究人员。这一事件引发了这样一个问题：对遗
体或其器官进行补偿是个糟糕的主意吗？

将自己身后的遗体捐赠出来用于科学研究一直纯粹是一种慷慨义举，但如果人体组
织如此短缺，以致生物技术公司和医学研究人员都通过黑市来购买，那么或许应重
新思考这一体系的合理性。

要知道，这与出钱购买器官用于手术移植是不同的。那样做会冒这样一种危险，即
穷人可能被此吸引或被迫为了钱而出卖自己的一个肾，即使这样做将会危及他们的
健康。它还可能会使脑死亡病人的家属为了得到预期的报酬而作出不恰当的决定，
因为这类病人是可移植器官的最主要来源。

如果有人想通过出卖我遗体的方式挣点钱，那么能这么做的人应该是我或是我的家
人。对捐赠遗体用于医学研究的行为采用适度的金钱激励政策也许能够鼓励更多的
人这样做。

对未来的死亡进行补偿就不会造成这样的危险，不过还是需要采取必要的预防措施
，如在死亡前后采集指纹，以保证盒子中尸体正是生前在捐赠表格上签字的那个人
。

但基本上我还是站在功利主义者的立场上。一旦我死了，我将不会再支配我的肉体
，因此，如果将我的遗体打包进行有关医学研究可以产生有益的结果，我是完全同
意捐赠的。而且，如果一项合理的补偿费用将会使一万或两万美国人打消他们的审
美疑虑而进入我的阵营，那么每个人都将是赢家。

这里说的每个人要排除掉殡葬业，不过它们获利的时间已够长了。

玛丽－罗奇，《尸体：人类遗体的离奇生命》一书的作者。

附：网址与原文
http://www.iht.com/articles/510346.htm

Meanwhile: Giving up your body for science and cash
Mary Roach NYT
Tuesday, March 16, 2004

SAN FRANCISCO Because I've written about the cadavers used in medical
research, I am frequently asked if I plan to become one. While I haven't
yet signed the forms, I find the idea appealing. I'm an altruistic
sort, but more than that I'm cheap - and the thousands of dollars in
savings on funeral expenses is hard to pass up.

What's more, being carved into bits and chunks and shipped to a dozen
different institutions seems no more distasteful than decomposing
underground or being burned to char in a crematory retort. I'm all for
post-mortem adventure and travel.

I'm happy to donate my body as long as no one profits off my parts.
But this wish is becoming increasingly difficult to safeguard now that
body parts are hot property.

Just last week, the director of the cadaver research program at the
University of California, Los Angeles, was arrested and accused of
selling donated body parts to medical researchers elsewhere. This raises
the question: is compensation for bodies or their parts such a bad
idea?

Leaving one's body to science has historically been an act of pure
generosity, but if the human tissue shortage is so dire that
biotechnology companies and medical researchers are resorting to black
market purchases, then maybe the system should be rethought.

It's my body, and if anyone is going to make money from it, it should be
me or my family. Perhaps a modest financial incentive for donating
one's remains to medical research will inspire more people to do it.

Bear in mind, this is different from offering money for organs to be
used in transplants. Doing that runs the risk that impoverished
individuals may be tempted - or pressured - to sell a kidney for cash
even if it's dangerous for their health. There's also the possibility
that families of brain-dead patients, the source of most organs for
transplants, could make decisions that are unduly affected by the
prospect of payment.

But compensating the future dead, or their families, poses no such risk,
although some precautions should be in order like fingerprinting before
and after death, to ensure that the dead body in the box was the same
as the living body that signed the donor form.

But basically, I take a utilitarian stance. I'm not going to be using my
body once I'm dead, so if some good can come of parceling it out for
medical research, I'm all for it. And if a reasonable cash outlay is all
it takes to get 10,000 or 20,000 Americans over their aesthetic
qualms and into my camp, then everybody wins.

Everybody except the funeral industry, and it has been winning long
enough.

Mary Roach is the author of "Stiff: The Curious Lives of Human
Cadavers."

文章来源：译者赐稿

本文仅代表作者观点
《光明观察》

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